A Study On Drug-Drug Interactions Among Hospitalized Patients At Private Hospital

Abstract

Background: An interaction occurs when the presence of a different drug, herbal remedy, food, beverage, or chemical factor in the environment modifies the effects of a particular substance. Results may be negative if the interaction causes a rise in drug concentration

Aim: To evaluate prevalence, types, and severity of potential drug‑drug interaction in in‑patient department of CHARUSAT Hospital.

Materials and Methods: An observational prospective study was carried out in patients admitted to CHARUSAT Hospital. Demographic details, drug treatment, medical history, presenting complains and diagnosis were recorded in CRF and follow-up was done for 2 days, for the day of admission and for the 2nd day.

Results: In total, 160 patients were observed for this study. Of 160, 84 (52.5%) had pDDIs. Of 84 patients, 43 (26.8%) were male and 41 (25.6%) were female patients. Total 716 pDDIs were identified for both days. Inter-day variability was found to be 70. 195 (27.23%) were mild, 431 (60.19%) moderate, 86 (12.01%) severe and 4 (0.55%) contraindicated. Risk factors that were identified in patients were polypharmacy (51%), age (21%), comorbidities (22%), decreased renal and hepatic function (3%) and metabolic/endocrine function (3%). Polypharmacy and comorbidities were found significant predictors for DDIs with P<0.05. There was highest occurrence  of pharmacodynamic interactions (63.12%), pharmacokinetic (33.65%) and unknown mechanism interactions (3.21%).

Conclusion: Prevalence of pDDIs was found to be 46.29% and 52.5% on day – 1 and day – 2 respectively. Total 70 DDDIs recoded in Inter-day and this showed that as the number of prescribed drugs increased, pDDIs also increased. Polypharmacy and comorbidities were significant predictors for pDDIs