Approaching The Impact Of The Technological Knowledge Sector Gap In The Efficiency Of Technological Balance Of Payments Performance: Selected Countries Case Studies

Abstract

The basic elements of efficient technological balance of payments performance are traditionally embedded in the capabilities of institutions, to educate the scientific and technological workforce. The research problem is reflected in the increasing size of the gap between innovative and adapting environments of technological knowledge, poses a fundamental challenge to the stability of the technological balance of payments. The research hypothesis stems from the dialectic between investment in the technological knowledge sector, enhancing the efficiency of the performance of technological balance of payments indicators. The research gap confirms the study of the impact of the dynamism of the technological balance of payments on the development of the knowledge economy environment. The research adopts the Meso-approach, which makes the research analyzes flow successively from theoretical inference (Deduction) concerned with extracting preliminary results from known premises to analyze theoretical aspects to experimental induction (Induction), studies molecules in order to reach comprehensive results from interpreting statistical data by adopting both descriptive and quantitative methods. The research addressed the conceptual framework and the technological export gap in the sample of selected Arab countries, then the gap in spending on research and development, education and patents between the selected countries, as well as the ICT sector gap between the selected countries, while the technological balance of payments indicators reflected the fact that the sample of selected countries are net importers of advanced technologies, in addition to the weak enabling environment procedures with regard to intellectual property arrangements, especially joining the World Intellectual Property Rights Organization, agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights within the framework of the World Trade Organization