Individual Differences Affecting Second Language Learning: A Psychological Review

Abstract

Individuals are different in terms of their cognitive, psychological, social and environmental factors. They apply a variety of strategies in learning and using second language, these variances are known as individual differences. For the purpose of creating efficient language learning plans and initiatives, researchers, instructors, and students must all have a thorough understanding of these differences. This paper centers on the major individual differences that affect individuals in their learning of second language. The understanding and theoretical foundations of second languages are covered in the introduction. Additionally, we go over research on the major variables such as motivation, age, gender, learning strategies and personality that influence individual’s ability to learn a second language in their lives. Considering the research's findings which demonstrate that these individual differences are not isolated from one another and frequently interact and a number of instructional implications have been offered. To meet the individuals needs and preferences of each learner, effective language teaching and learning programs must consider these differences into account and offer tailored approaches