In-Vitro & In-Vivo Screening Models For The Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease and associated dementias are the second biggest cause of mortality in the United States and other high-income nations, according to the World Health Organisation, and the seventh highest cause of death globally. According to the Alzheimer's Association, the number of deaths linked to Alzheimer's disease grew by 146% between 2000 and 2018. It is projected that the number of Americans alone who have Alzheimer's or another type of dementia would rise from 56 million in 2020 to 88 million by 2050. They discovered that the number of fatalities from AD and other dementias per 100,000 persons grew by 148%, the prevalence of these conditions climbed by 117%. Preclinical protocols of neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) have been produced in order to assess novel therapy approaches and to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of NDs. It concluded, that numerous in- vivo screening models including chemical induced(i.e., Amyloid, Colchicine, Scopolamine, Atropine, Aluminium Chloride, High-fat diet (HFD), Kainic Acid, Domoic Acid, Ibotenic acid, and Ethanol), Transgenic Models (i.e., BACE 1,Brain injury induced AD) and spatial memory (i.e., Morris Water-Maze, Radial Arm-Maze, Circular Platform Test) and in-vitro screening models include Cells, Tissues, and Molecular simulation model that were reported for the evaluation of NDs including AD and Dementia