The Reflections Of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's Concept Of Modern Education On The Revolutions İn The Field Of Education

Abstract

Education was perceived as one of the most important reasons for the decline in the
Ottoman Empire, and in this regard, in the XIX. with the end of the century XX. At
the beginning of the century, some reforms were tried to be realized. However, with
the de facto end of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the First World War and the
invasion of Anatolia, it became necessary to continue the educational activities
under the conditions of war. With the victory of the War of Independence and the
declaration of the republic, which is the existence of the new Turkish state, on
October 29, 1923, educational and cultural issues were added to the reform
movements that would change the social, political, economic and legal formations
of the Turkish nation. Thus, a model has been created that will carry the state above
the level of modern civilizations, and especially enable new generations to receive a
more national and more secular education. In order for the education model adopted
by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk to be national, contemporary and successful, first of all,
unity in education and training must be ensured. In order to ensure this unity, unity
and integrity was established in national education by enacting the "Unification of
Education Law" on March 3, 1924. Therefore, madrasas and schools were connected
to the Ministry of National Education; dervish lodges, tombs and zaviyes were also
closed. Thus, the first steps were taken in the social integration and modernization
of the nation, which was divided into two as a school-madrasah, and in the conduct
of education according to scientific principles. In this study, the importance and
requirements of national and contemporary education in the reforms and reforms
of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in his own period, together with his ideas on education,
are aimed.