Constructed Wetlands' Optimization For Improved Wastewater Emerging Contaminant Removal

Abstract

The optimization of built wetlands (CWs) for the increased removal of emerging contaminants (ECs) from wastewater is investigated in this work. Many CW setups, plant species, and operational settings were included into a thorough experimental design. Six common ECs—carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, caffeine, triclosan, and bisphenol A—had their elimination efficiency examined in this work. With efficiencies between 78% and 95% for the investigated ECs, results show that hybrid systems combining vertical and horizontal subsurface flow CWs attained the highest overall removal rates. Particularly for drugs, the combination of Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis greatly enhanced contaminant removal. Two important determinants of removal efficiency found to be hydraulic retention time and temperature. Development of a multiple regression model to forecast EC removal depending on important operational criteria This study offers insightful information for the design and optimization of CWs in order to solve the increasing worry about ECs in water systems.