Assessing Cognitive Decline In Older Adults: The Role Of Intelligence And Cognitive Abilities In Cognitive Reserve

Abstract

This research paper investigates the role of intelligence and executive functioning in the acquisition of cognitive reserve (CR) as protective factors in the aging population. Cognitive reserve, which refers to the brain's resilience to neuropathological damage, is influenced by intellectual engagement and educational attainment. This study explores how higher cognitive abilities, bolstered by lifelong learning and complex occupational tasks, contribute to CR and, consequently, enhance cognitive health in older adults. By examining various cognitive domains such as Executive functioning and intelligence, the research aims to establish a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms through which CR mitigate cognitive decline. In this study 120 healthy old adults from Gujarat state have been identified as participants which was aging from 60 to 85 years age. To assess intelligence Raven’s progressive matrix was used and for assessing fluid intelligence and Wisconsin card sorting test was used to measure executive functioning. For Measuring Cognitive reserve, Cognitive reserve index questionnaire  has been used. Findings highlight that the problem of cognitive deficits at old age can be addressed by developing cognitive activities throughout life in order to enhance cognitive resilience and adaptability, thus enhancing quality of life and prolonging independence. It may also lead to a bespoke approach toward adopting better lifestyle.