A Review on Partial Substitution of Fine Aggregate with Copper Slag and Basalt Fiber

Abstract

The depletion of natural resources and environmental concerns have necessitated the exploration of sustainable alternatives in the construction industry. This review paper critically examines the feasibility and performance of the partial use of fine aggregate with two promising sustainable materials: copper slag and basalt fiber in concrete mixtures. Copper slag is a Product that is produced during the extraction process of copper. Basalt fiber, derived from volcanic rock, offers potential solutions to enhance the mechanical properties, durability, and sustainability of concrete. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of copper slag and basalt fiber, highlighting their potential benefits and challenges when incorporated into concrete. Moreover, the effects of varying replacement percentages of fine aggregate with copper slag and the addition of basalt fibre on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete are discussed. The review also addresses the influence of these sustainable materials on the microstructure and long-term performance of concrete, including its resistance to abrasion, shrinkage, and cracking. Furthermore, environmental considerations and economic feasibility associated with the utilization of copper slag and basalt fibre in concrete production are examined. Overall, this review paper aims to consolidate existing research findings and provide insights into the practical implementation of replacing fine aggregate with copper slag and incorporating basalt fiber in concrete mixtures, thereby promoting sustainable construction practices while addressing the challenges and opportunities in this evolving field.