Navigating The Use Of Touch Dna Evidence In India: Legal Considerations

Abstract

Forensic science contributes significantly to criminal investigations by using scientific methods to collect and analyse evidence. Bloodstain patterns, DNA, fingerprints, and other materials may be used as evidence. Law enforcement and forensic scientists collaborate closely to investigate crimes and guarantee that justice is done.

Sexual offences are among the most severe crimes that may be committed. Although comparable crimes against males have also been reported, the majority of victims in these situations are women and girls.

A crucial component of every criminal inquiry is forensic science. It is especially important in situations of sexual offences as there are frequently no witnesses to these types of crimes. Biological evidence gathered at the crime scene, therefore, serves as mute witnesses in its place. The steps of gathering, preserving, and analysing forensic evidence must be done meticulously.[i] Numerous biological samples may be utilised as proof in rape or sexual assault cases.

Touch DNA, also referred to as trace DNA, is a forensic technique used to examine minute quantities of DNA left on surfaces or objects when a person touches them. This approach can be used to extract and analyse the genetic material from even the smallest remains left by a person's touch, revolutionising forensic examinations.[ii] This study investigates many techniques for forensic analysis and extraction.