The Rise and Fall of Liberal Democracies

Abstract

Liberal democracy has been a defining political development of the modern era, offering governance structures grounded in individual freedoms, the rule of law, and checks and balances on power. This model has driven significant political stability and economic prosperity, spreading globally during the 20th century. However, liberal democracies now face profound challenges, including internal weaknesses such as political polarization and institutional erosion, as well as external pressures from authoritarian regimes and shifting geopolitical landscapes. This paper examines the historical rise of liberal democracies, the factors underlying their global proliferation, and the multifaceted challenges that have contributed to their decline in various regions. Through a historical and analytical approach, the study explores the dynamic nature of political systems and the implications of the potential decline of liberal democracy. It concludes by proposing strategies for resilience and renewal through adaptation, a recommitment to democratic values, and enhanced international cooperation, emphasizing that the trajectory of liberal democracy remains critical for the future of global governance