Evaluating Democratic Decentralization and the Swachh Bharat Mission: Policy Framework and Effectiveness in India

Abstract

Since its inception in 2014, the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) has been one of the most comprehensive sanitation initiatives in India. This study critically examines the effectiveness of SBM within the context of democratic decentralization, with a particular emphasis on the role of local governance structures in implementing and sustaining SBM objectives. Through an analysis of institutional procedures, regulatory frameworks, and community participation, the study highlights SBM’s accomplishments and identifies persistent challenges. It further proposes strategies to enhance the sustainability and inclusiveness of SBM.